Unified control and memory for a combined DVD/HDD system

ABSTRACT

A combined digital versatile disc (DVD)/hard disk drive (HDD) system controls a HDD assembly and a DVD assembly comprises a DVD/HDD control module controls operation of the HDD assembly and the DVD assembly. Volatile memory communicates with the DVD/HDD control module and stores volatile data relating to the operation of the DVD assembly and the HDD assembly. Nonvolatile memory communicates with the DVD/HDD control module and stores nonvolatile data relating to the operation of the DVD assembly and the HDD assembly.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 11/039,288, filedJan. 19, 2005, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional ApplicationNo. 60/609,889, filed on Sep. 14, 2004. The disclosure of the aboveapplications are incorporated herein by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to hard disk drive (HDD) systems anddigital versatile disc (DVD) systems, and more particularly to combinedHDD/DVD systems.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Nonvolatile data storage systems include digital versatile disc (DVD)systems and hard disc drive (HDD) systems. DVD systems store dataoptically while HDD systems store data magnetically. In systems havingboth DVD and HDD subsystems, each subsystem generally has its own CPU,external DRAM buffer and flash memory to handle both temporary datastorage and control code storage.

Referring now to FIG. 1, a HDD system 10 is shown to include a HDD PCB14. A buffer 18 stores read, write and/or volatile control data that isassociated the control of the HDD system 10. The buffer 18 usuallyemploys volatile memory having low latency. For example, SDRAM or othertypes of low latency memory may be used. Nonvolatile memory 19 such asflash memory may also be provided to store critical data such asnonvolatile control code.

A processor 22 arranged on the HDD PCB 14 performs data and/or controlprocessing that is related to the operation of the HDD system 10. A harddisk control module (HDC) 26 communicates with an input/output interface24 and with a spindle/voice coil motor (VCM) driver or module 30 and/ora read/write channel module 34. The HDC 26 coordinates control of thespindle/VCM driver 30, the read/write channel module 34 and theprocessor 22 and data input/output with a host 35 via the interface 24.

During write operations, the read/write channel module 34 encodes thedata to be written onto a read/write device 59. The read/write channelmodule 34 processes the write signal for reliability and may apply, forexample, error correction coding (ECC), run length limited coding (RLL),and the like. During read operations, the read/write channel module 34converts an analog read signal output of the read/write device 59 to adigital read signal. The converted signal is then detected and decodedby known techniques to recover the data that was written on the HDD.

A hard disk drive assembly (HDDA) 50 includes one or more hard driveplatters 52 that include magnetic coatings that store magnetic fields.The platters 52 are rotated by a spindle motor that is schematicallyshown at 54. Generally the spindle motor 54 rotates the hard driveplatter 52 at a controlled speed during the read/write operations. Oneor more read/write arms 58 move relative to the platters 52 to readand/or write data to/from the hard drive platters 52. The spindle/VCMdriver 30 controls the spindle motor 54, which rotates the platter 52.The spindle/VCM driver 30 also generates control signals that positionthe read/write arm 58, for example using a voice coil actuator, astepper motor or any other suitable actuator.

The read/write device 59 is located near a distal end of the read/writearm 58. The read/write device 59 includes a write element such as aninductor that generates a magnetic field. The read/write device 59 alsoincludes a read element (such as a magneto-resistive (MR) element) thatsenses the magnetic field on the platter 52. The HDDA 50 includes apreamp circuit 60 that amplifies the analog read/write signals. Whenreading data, the preamp circuit 60 amplifies low level signals from theread element and outputs the amplified signal to the read/write channelmodule 34. While writing data, a write current is generated that flowsthrough the write element of the read/write device 59. The write currentis switched to produce a magnetic field having a positive or negativepolarity. The positive or negative polarity is stored by the hard driveplatter 52 and is used to represent data.

Portions of the HDD system 10 may be implemented by a one or moreintegrated circuits (IC) or chips. For example, the processor 22 and theHDC 26 may be implemented by a single chip. The spindle/VCM driver 30and/or the read/write channel module 34 may also be implemented by thesame chip as the processor 22, the HDC 26 and/or by additional chips.Alternately, most of the HDD system 10 other than the HDDA 50 may beimplemented as a system on chip (SOC).

Referring now to FIG. 2, a DVD system 110 is shown to include a DVD PCB102, which includes a buffer 118 that stores read data, write dataand/or volatile control code that is associated the control of the DVDsystem 110. The buffer 118 may employ volatile memory such as SDRAM orother types of low latency memory. Nonvolatile memory 119 such as flashmemory can also be used for critical data such as data relating to DVDwrite formats and/or other nonvolatile control code. A processor 122arranged on the DVD PCB 102 performs data and/or control processing thatis related to the operation of the DVD system 110. The processor 122also performs decoding of copy protection and/orcompression/decompression as needed. A DVD control module 126communicates with an input/output interface 124 and with a spindle/feedmotor (FM) driver 130 and/or a read/write channel module 134. The DVDcontrol module 126 coordinates control of the spindle/FM driver, theread/write channel module 134 and the processor 122 and datainput/output via the interface 124.

During write operations, the read/write channel module 134 encodes thedata to be written by an optical read/write (ORW) or optical read only(OR) device 159 to the DVD platter. The read/write channel module 134processes the signals for reliability and may apply, for example, ECC,RLL, and the like. During read operations, the read/write channel module134 converts an analog output of the ORW or OR device 159 to a digitalsignal. The converted signal is then detected and decoded by knowntechniques to recover the data that was written on the DVD.

A DVD assembly (DVDA) 150 includes a DVD platter 152 that stores dataoptically. The platter 152 is rotated by a spindle motor that isschematically shown at 154. The spindle motor 154 rotates the DVDplatter 152 at a controlled and/or variable speed during the read/writeoperations. The ORW or OR device 159 moves relative to the DVD platter152 to read and/or write data to/from the DVD platter 52. The ORW or ORdevice 159 typically includes a laser and an optical sensor.

For DVD read/write and DVD read only systems, the laser is directed attracks on the DVD that contain lands and pits during read operations.The optical sensor senses reflections caused by the lands/pits. For DVDread/write (RW) applications, a laser may also be used to heat a dielayer on the DVD platter during write operations. If the die is heatedto one temperature, the die is transparent and represents one binarydigital value. If the die is heated to another temperature, the die isopaque and represents the other binary digital value.

The spindle/FM driver 30 controls the spindle motor 154, whichcontrollably rotates the DVD platter 152. The spindle/FM driver 130 alsogenerates control signals that position the feed motor 158, for exampleusing a voice coil actuator, a stepper motor or any other suitableactuator. The feed motor 158 typically moves the ORW or OR device 159radially relative to the DVD platter 152. A laser driver 161 generates alaser drive signal based on an output of the read/write channel module134. The DVDA 50 includes a preamp circuit 160 that amplifies analogread signals. When reading data, the preamp circuit 160 amplifies lowlevel signals from the ORW or OR device and outputs the amplified signalto the read/write channel module device 134.

The DVD system 110 further includes a codec module 140 that encodesand/or decodes video such as any of the MPEG formats. Audio and/or videodigital signal processors and/or modules 142 and 144, respectively,perform audio and/or video signal processing, respectively.

As with the HDD system 10, portions of the DVD system 110 may beimplemented by one or more integrated circuits (IC) or chips. Forexample, the processor 22 and the DVD control module 126 may beimplemented by a single chip. The spindle/FM driver 130 and/or theread/write channel module 134 may also be implemented by the same chipas the processor 122, the DVD control module 126 and/or by additionalchips. Most of the DVD system 110 other than the DVDA 150 may also beimplemented as a SOC.

DVD players typically include only one DVD player, which makes copyingDVDs difficult. To copy the DVD, the user must copy the DVD contents toa hard drive of a computer. Typically, copy protection schemes such asdigital rights management (DRM) prevent such copying despite the factthat some copying may be allowed under the copyright laws. This is due,in part, to the fact that the data is decrypted and/or decoded by theDVD system 110 and is therefore in an unprotected form when it is outputto other devices.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A combined digital versatile disc (DVD)/hard disk drive (HDD) systemthat controls a HDD assembly and a DVD assembly comprises a DVD/HDDcontrol module that controls operation of the HDD assembly and the DVDassembly. Volatile memory communicates with the DVD/HDD control moduleand stores volatile data relating to the operation of the DVD assemblyand the HDD assembly. Nonvolatile memory communicates with the DVD/HDDcontrol module and stores nonvolatile data relating to the operation ofthe DVD assembly and the HDD assembly.

In other features, a video decompression module communicates with theDVD/HDD control module and decompresses video data stored on at leastone of the DVD assembly and/or the HDD assembly. A video compressionmodule communicates with the DVD/HDD control module and compresses videodata for storage on at least one of the DVD assembly and/or the HDDassembly.

In other features, a spindle driver communicates with the DVD/HDDcontrol module and controls a spindle motor of the DVD assembly. A firstdriver communicates with the DVD/HDD control module and adjusts alocation of one of an optical read/write device or an optical read onlydevice of the DVD assembly. A spindle driver communicates with theDVD/HDD control module and controls a spindle motor of the HDD assembly.A second driver communicates with the DVD/HDD control module andcontrols a read/write arm of the HDD assembly.

In still other features, a read/write channel module communicates withthe DVD/HDD control module and processes read data from and write datato the HDD and DVD assemblies. An interface communicates with theDVD/HDD control module and a host interface. The DVD/HDD control modulebuffers read data to nonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly during readoperations. The read data buffer is located in a hidden portion of thenonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly. The DVD/HDD control moduledynamically adjusts a size of the read data buffer in the nonvolatilememory of the HDD assembly.

In other features, the DVD/HDD control module buffers write data tononvolatile memory of the HDD assembly during write operations. Thewrite data buffer is located in a hidden portion of the nonvolatilememory of the HDD assembly. The DVD/HDD control module dynamicallyadjusts a size of the write data buffer in the nonvolatile memory of theHDD assembly. The DVD/HDD control module stores data including copyprotection data from a DVD medium in nonvolatile memory of the HDDassembly. The DVD/HDD control module stores data including copyprotection data from a plurality of DVD media in nonvolatile memory ofthe HDD assembly.

In other features, the DVD/HDD control module stores DVD write formatdata in nonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly. A system comprises thecombined DVD/HDD system and further comprises the HDD assembly and theDVD assembly. The DVD/HDD control module is implemented as an integratedcircuit. The volatile memory includes SDRAM. The nonvolatile memoryincludes flash memory. When the DVD/HDD control module receives a HDDwrite request while buffering DVD write data to the HDD, the DVD/HDDcontrol module assigns a higher priority to DVD write data buffering.When a file is read from the DVD, the DVD/HDD control module buffers thesequential access file to the HDD. The DVD/HDD control module reducespower to the DVD after buffering the file to the HDD. The DVD/HDDcontrol module slows a rotational speed of the DVD. The DVD/HDD controlmodule stops rotation of the DVD. When a file is read from the DVD, theDVD/HDD control module buffers a portion of the file to the HDD.

In other features, the DVD/HDD control module reduces power to the DVDafter buffering the portion of the file to the HDD. The DVD/HDD controlmodule buffers another portion of the file to the HDD prior tocompletion of reading the portion from the HDD. The DVD/HDD controlmodule slows a rotational speed of the DVD. The DVD/HDD control modulestops rotation of the DVD.

A DVD copying system comprises a hard disk drive (HDD) assembly thatincludes nonvolatile memory. A digital versatile disc (DVD) assemblyselectively reads DVD content with copy protection from a DVD medium. Acombined HDD/DVD control module communicates with the HDD assembly andthe DVD assembly and selectively copies the DVD content with the copyprotection to the nonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly.

In other features, the copy protection includes digital rightsmanagement (DRM) data. Volatile and nonvolatile memory stores datarelating to the operation of both the DVD and HDD assemblies. Thecombined HDD/DVD control module is implemented as an integrated circuit.The DVD content with the copy protection are copied to a hidden portionof the nonvolatile memory in the HDD assembly.

A virtual DVD carousel comprises the DVD copying system wherein DVDcontent with copy protection from multiple DVD media is stored in thenonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly.

In other features, the combined DVD/HDD control module allows playbackof the DVD content N times and then makes the DVD content unavailable.The combined DVD/HDD control module allows playback of the DVD contentfor a predetermined period and then makes the DVD content unavailable.The DVD/HDD control module may delete the DVD content from the HDD.

An integrated circuit for a combined digital versatile disc (DVD)/harddisk drive (HDD) system that controls a HDD assembly and a DVD assemblycomprises a HDD read/write channel module that communicates with the HDDassembly and that processes read data from and write data to the HDDassembly. A DVD read channel module communicates with the DVD assemblyand processes read data from the DVD assembly.

In other features, a system comprises the integrated circuit and furthercomprises the HDD assembly and the DVD assembly. A DVD/HDD controlmodule communicates with the HDD read/write channel module and the DVDread channel module and controls operation of the HDD assembly and theDVD assembly. Volatile memory communicates with the DVD/HDD controlmodule and stores volatile data relating to the operation of the DVDassembly and the HDD assembly. Nonvolatile memory communicates with theDVD/HDD control module and stores nonvolatile data relating to theoperation of the DVD assembly and the HDD assembly.

In other features, a video decompression module communicates with theDVD/HDD control module and decompresses video data stored on at leastone of the DVD assembly and/or the HDD assembly. A video compressionmodule communicates with the DVD/HDD control module and compresses videodata for storage on at least one of the DVD assembly and/or the HDDassembly. The DVD read channel module also processes write data to theDVD assembly.

In other features, a spindle driver communicates with the DVD/HDDcontrol module and controls a spindle motor of the DVD assembly. A firstdriver communicates with the DVD/HDD control module and adjusts alocation of one of an optical read/write device or an optical read onlydevice of the DVD assembly. A spindle driver communicates with theDVD/HDD control module and controls a spindle motor of the HDD assembly.A second driver communicates with the DVD/HDD control module andcontrols a read/write arm of the HDD assembly.

In other features, the DVD/HDD control module buffers read data tononvolatile memory of the HDD assembly during read operations. The readdata buffer is located in a hidden portion of the nonvolatile memory ofthe HDD assembly. The DVD/HDD control module dynamically adjusts a sizeof the read data buffer in the nonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly.The DVD/HDD control module buffers write data to nonvolatile memory ofthe HDD assembly during write operations. The write data buffer islocated in a hidden portion of the nonvolatile memory of the HDDassembly. The DVD/HDD control module dynamically adjusts a size of thewrite data buffer in the nonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly. TheDVD/HDD control module stores data including copy protection data from aDVD medium in nonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly. The DVD/HDDcontrol module stores data including copy protection data from aplurality of DVD media in nonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly. TheDVD/HDD control module stores DVD write format data in nonvolatilememory of the HDD assembly.

In still other features, when the DVD/HDD control module receives a HDDwrite request while buffering DVD write data to the HDD, the DVD/HDDcontrol module assigns a higher priority to the DVD write databuffering. When a file is read from the DVD, the DVD/HDD control modulebuffers the file to the HDD. The DVD/HDD control module reduces power tothe DVD after buffering the sequential access file to the HDD. When afile is read from the DVD, the DVD/HDD control module buffers a portionof the file to the HDD. The DVD/HDD control module reduces power to theDVD after buffering the portion of the file to the HDD. The DVD/HDDcontrol module buffers another portion of the file to the HDD prior tocompletion of reading the portion from the HDD.

A combined digital versatile disk (DVD)/hard disk drive (HDD) system fora DVD and a HDD comprises a DVD read channel that communicates with theDVD. A DVD control module communicates with the DVD read channel. A HDDread channel communicates with the HDD. A HDD control modulecommunicates with the HDD read channel. An interface communicates withthe DVD control module and the HDD control module.

In still other features, the DVD control module and the DVD read channelare implemented as a first integrated circuit. The HDD control moduleand the HDD read channel are implemented as a second integrated circuit.The HDD has a hidden section and a user accessible section. DVD contentwith copy protection is selectively stored in the hidden section of theHDD. Usage data is also written to the hidden portion of the HDD whenthe DVD content with copy protection is copied to the hidden section.The HDD control module deletes the DVD content with copy protection fromthe HDD when the usage data indicates allowable use is over. The usagedata specifies a number of allowable uses. The usage data specifies aduration of allowable usage.

A method for providing a combined digital versatile disc (DVD)/hard diskdrive (HDD) system that controls a HDD assembly and a DVD assemblycomprises controlling operation of the HDD assembly and the DVD assemblyusing a DVD/HDD control module. Volatile data relating to the operationof the DVD assembly and the HDD assembly is stored in volatile memorythat communicates with the DVD/HDD control module. Nonvolatile datarelating to the operation of the DVD assembly and the HDD assembly isstored in nonvolatile memory that communicates with the DVD/HDD controlmodule.

In other features, video data stored on at least one of the DVD assemblyand/or the HDD assembly is decompressed. Video data for storage on atleast one of the DVD assembly and/or the HDD assembly is compressed.Read data is buffered to nonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly duringread operations. The read data buffer is located in a hidden portion ofthe nonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly. A size of the read databuffer in the nonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly is dynamicallyadjusted. Write data is buffered to nonvolatile memory of the HDDassembly during write operations. The write data buffer is located in ahidden portion of the nonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly. A size ofthe write data buffer in the nonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly isdynamically adjusted. Data including copy protection data from a DVDmedium is stored in nonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly. Dataincluding copy protection data from a plurality of DVD media is storedin nonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly. DVD write format data isstored in nonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly. A higher priority isassigned to DVD write data buffering when the DVD/HDD control modulereceives a HDD write request while buffering DVD write data to the HDD.

In still other features, the file is buffered to the HDD when a file isread from the DVD. The file is a sequential access file. Power isreduced to the DVD after buffering the file to the HDD. A rotationalspeed of the DVD is slowed. Rotation of the DVD is stopped. A portion ofthe file is buffered to the HDD when a file is read from the DVD.

In other features, power is reduced to the DVD after buffering theportion of the file to the HDD. Another portion of the file is bufferedto the HDD prior to completion of reading the portion from the HDD.

A method for operating a DVD copying system comprises providing a harddisk drive (HDD) assembly that includes nonvolatile memory and a digitalversatile disc (DVD) assembly. DVD content with copy protection isselectively read from a DVD medium. The DVD content with the copyprotection is selectively copied to the nonvolatile memory of the HDDassembly using a combined HDD/DVD control module.

In other features, the copy protection includes digital rightsmanagement (DRM) data. Data relating to the operation of both the DVDand HDD assemblies is stored in volatile and nonvolatile memory. The DVDcontent with the copy protection is copied to a hidden portion of thenonvolatile memory in the HDD assembly. DVD content with copy protectionfrom multiple DVD media is copied to the nonvolatile memory of the HDDassembly.

In still other features, playback of the DVD content is allowed N timesand then the DVD content is made unavailable. Playback of the DVDcontent is allowed for a predetermined period. The DVD content is madeunavailable after the predetermined period.

A method for providing a combined digital versatile disc (DVD)/hard diskdrive (HDD) system that controls a HDD assembly and a DVD assemblycomprises integrating an HDD read/write channel module and a DVDread/write channel module in an integrated circuit. Read data from andwrite data to the HDD assembly is processed using the HDD read/writechannel module. Read data from the DVD assembly is processed using theDVD read channel module.

In other features, operation of the HDD assembly and the DVD assembly iscontrolled using a DVD/HDD control module. Volatile data relating to theoperation of the DVD assembly and the HDD assembly is stored in volatilememory. Nonvolatile data relating to the operation of the DVD assemblyand the HDD assembly is stored in nonvolatile memory. Video data storedon at least one of the DVD assembly and/or the HDD assembly isdecompressed. Video data for storage on at least one of the DVD assemblyand/or the HDD assembly is compressed. Read data is buffered tononvolatile memory of the HDD assembly during read operations. The readdata buffer is located in a hidden portion of the nonvolatile memory ofthe HDD assembly. A size of the read data buffer in the nonvolatilememory of the HDD assembly dynamically adjusted. Write data is bufferedto nonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly during write operations. Thewrite data buffer is located in a hidden portion of the nonvolatilememory of the HDD assembly. A size of the write data buffer in thenonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly is dynamically adjusted. Dataincluding copy protection data from a DVD medium is stored innonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly. Data including copy protectiondata from a plurality of DVD media is stored in nonvolatile memory ofthe HDD assembly. DVD write format data is stored in nonvolatile memoryof the HDD assembly. A higher priority is assigned to the DVD write databuffering when the DVD/HDD control module receives a HDD write requestwhile buffering DVD write data to the HDD. The file is buffered to theHDD when a file is read from the DVD. Power to the DVD is reduced afterbuffering the file to the HDD. A portion of the file to is buffered theHDD when a file is read from the DVD. Power is reduced to the DVD afterbuffering the portion of the file to the HDD. Another portion of thefile is buffered to the HDD prior to completion of reading the portionfrom the HDD.

A method for providing a combined digital versatile disk (DVD)/hard diskdrive (HDD) system for a DVD and a HDD comprises providing a DVD readchannel communicates with the DVD and a DVD control module communicateswith the DVD read channel. A HDD read channel communicates with the HDDand a HDD control module communicates with the HDD read channel. Aninterface communicates with the DVD control module and the HDD controlmodule.

In other features, the DVD control module and the DVD read channel areimplemented as a first integrated circuit. The HDD control module andthe HDD read channel are implemented as a second integrated circuit. Ahidden section and a user accessible section are provided on the HDD.DVD content with copy protection is selectively stored in the hiddensection of the HDD. Usage data is written to the hidden portion of theHDD when the DVD content with copy protection is copied to the hiddensection. The DVD content with copy protection from the HDD when theusage data indicates allowable use is over. The usage data specifies anumber of allowable uses. The usage data specifies a duration ofallowable usage.

A combined digital versatile disc (DVD)/hard disk drive (HDD) systemthat controls a HDD assembly and a DVD assembly comprises DVD/HDDcontrol means that controls operation of the HDD assembly and the DVDassembly. Volatile storing means communicates with the DVD/HDD controlmeans and stores volatile data relating to the operation of the DVDassembly and the HDD assembly. Nonvolatile storing means communicateswith the DVD/HDD control means and stores nonvolatile data relating tothe operation of the DVD assembly and the HDD assembly.

In other features, video decompression means communicates with theDVD/HDD control means and decompresses video data stored on at least oneof the DVD assembly and/or the HDD assembly. Video compression meanscommunicates with the DVD/HDD control means and compresses video datafor storage on at least one of the DVD assembly and/or the HDD assembly.

In other features, spindle driving means communicates with the DVD/HDDcontrol means and controls a spindle motor of the DVD assembly. Firstdriving means communicates with the DVD/HDD control means and adjusts alocation of one of an optical read/write device or an optical read onlydevice of the DVD assembly. Spindle driving means communicates with theDVD/HDD control means and controls a spindle motor of the HDD assembly.Second driving means communicates with the DVD/HDD control means andcontrols a read/write arm of the HDD assembly.

In still other features, read/write channel means communicates with theDVD/HDD control means and processes read data from and write data to theHDD and DVD assemblies. Interface means communicates with the DVD/HDDcontrol means and a host interface. The DVD/HDD control means buffersread data to nonvolatile storing means of the HDD assembly during readoperations. The read data buffer is located in a hidden portion of thenonvolatile storing means of the HDD assembly. The DVD/HDD control meansdynamically adjusts a size of the read data buffer in the nonvolatilestoring means of the HDD assembly.

In other features, the DVD/HDD control means buffers write data tononvolatile storing means of the HDD assembly during write operations.The write data buffer is located in a hidden portion of the nonvolatilestoring means of the HDD assembly. The DVD/HDD control means dynamicallyadjusts a size of the write data buffer in the nonvolatile storing meansof the HDD assembly. The DVD/HDD control means stores data includingcopy protection data from a DVD medium in nonvolatile storing means ofthe HDD assembly. The DVD/HDD control means stores data including copyprotection data from a plurality of DVD media in nonvolatile storingmeans of the HDD assembly.

In other features, the DVD/HDD control means stores DVD write formatdata in nonvolatile storing means of the HDD assembly. A systemcomprises the combined DVD/HDD system and further comprises the HDDassembly and the DVD assembly. The DVD/HDD control means is implementedas an integrated circuit. The volatile storing means includes SDRAM. Thenonvolatile storing means includes flash storing means. When the DVD/HDDcontrol means receives a HDD write request while buffering DVD writedata to the HDD, the DVD/HDD control means assigns a higher priority toDVD write data buffering. When a file is read from the DVD, the DVD/HDDcontrol means buffers the sequential access file to the HDD. The DVD/HDDcontrol means reduces power to the DVD after buffering the file to theHDD. The DVD/HDD control means slows a rotational speed of the DVD. TheDVD/HDD control means stops rotation of the DVD. When a file is readfrom the DVD, the DVD/HDD control means buffers a portion of the file tothe HDD.

In other features, the DVD/HDD control means reduces power to the DVDafter buffering the portion of the file to the HDD. The DVD/HDD controlmeans buffers another portion of the file to the HDD prior to completionof reading the portion from the HDD. The DVD/HDD control means slows arotational speed of the DVD. The DVD/HDD control means stops rotation ofthe DVD.

A DVD copying system comprises a hard disk drive (HDD) assembly thatincludes nonvolatile storing means for storing nonvolatile data. Adigital versatile disc (DVD) assembly selectively reads DVD content withcopy protection from a DVD medium. A combined HDD/DVD control meanscommunicates with the HDD assembly and the DVD assembly and selectivelycopies the DVD content with the copy protection to the nonvolatilestoring means of the HDD assembly.

In other features, the copy protection includes digital rightsmanagement (DRM) data. Volatile and nonvolatile storing means storesdata relating to the operation of both the DVD and HDD assemblies. Thecombined HDD/DVD control means is implemented as an integrated circuit.The DVD content with the copy protection are copied to a hidden portionof the nonvolatile storing means in the HDD assembly.

A virtual DVD carousel comprises the DVD copying system wherein DVDcontent with copy protection from multiple DVD media is stored in thenonvolatile storing means of the HDD assembly.

In other features, the combined DVD/HDD control means allows playback ofthe DVD content N times and then makes the DVD content unavailable. TheDVD/HDD control means deletes the DVD content from the HDD. The combinedDVD/HDD control means allows playback of the DVD content for apredetermined period and then makes the DVD content unavailable. TheDVD/HDD control means deletes the DVD content from the HDD.

An integrated circuit for a combined digital versatile disc (DVD)/harddisk drive (HDD) system that controls a HDD assembly and a DVD assemblycomprises a HDD read/write channel means that communicates with the HDDassembly and that processes read data from and write data to the HDDassembly. A DVD read channel means communicates with the DVD assemblyand processes read data from the DVD assembly.

In other features, a system comprises the integrated circuit and furthercomprises the HDD assembly and the DVD assembly. A DVD/HDD control meanscommunicates with the HDD read/write channel means and the DVD readchannel means and controls operation of the HDD assembly and the DVDassembly. Volatile storing means communicates with the DVD/HDD controlmeans and stores volatile data relating to the operation of the DVDassembly and the HDD assembly. Nonvolatile storing means communicateswith the DVD/HDD control means and stores nonvolatile data relating tothe operation of the DVD assembly and the HDD assembly.

In other features, video decompression means communicates with theDVD/HDD control means and decompresses video data stored on at least oneof the DVD assembly and/or the HDD assembly. Video compression meanscommunicates with the DVD/HDD control means and compresses video datafor storage on at least one of the DVD assembly and/or the HDD assembly.The DVD read channel means also processes write data to the DVDassembly.

In other features, spindle driving means communicates with the DVD/HDDcontrol means and controls a spindle motor of the DVD assembly. Firstdriving means communicates with the DVD/HDD control means and adjusts alocation of one of an optical read/write device or an optical read onlydevice of the DVD assembly. Spindle driving means communicates with theDVD/HDD control means and controls a spindle motor of the HDD assembly.Second driving means communicates with the DVD/HDD control means andcontrols a read/write arm of the HDD assembly.

In other features, the DVD/HDD control means buffers read data tononvolatile storing means of the HDD assembly during read operations.The read data buffer is located in a hidden portion of the nonvolatilestoring means of the HDD assembly. The DVD/HDD control means dynamicallyadjusts a size of the read data buffer in the nonvolatile storing meansof the HDD assembly. The DVD/HDD control means buffers write data tononvolatile storing means of the HDD assembly during write operations.The write data buffer is located in a hidden portion of the nonvolatilestoring means of the HDD assembly. The DVD/HDD control means dynamicallyadjusts a size of the write data buffer in the nonvolatile storing meansof the HDD assembly. The DVD/HDD control means stores data includingcopy protection data from a DVD medium in nonvolatile storing means ofthe HDD assembly. The DVD/HDD control means stores data including copyprotection data from a plurality of DVD media in nonvolatile storingmeans of the HDD assembly. The DVD/HDD control means stores DVD writeformat data in nonvolatile storing means of the HDD assembly.

In still other features, when the DVD/HDD control means receives a HDDwrite request while buffering DVD write data to the HDD, the DVD/HDDcontrol means assigns a higher priority to the DVD write data buffering.When a file is read from the DVD, the DVD/HDD control means buffers thefile to the HDD. The DVD/HDD control means reduces power to the DVDafter buffering the sequential access file to the HDD. When a file isread from the DVD, the DVD/HDD control means buffers a portion of thefile to the HDD. The DVD/HDD control means reduces power to the DVDafter buffering the portion of the file to the HDD and wherein theDVD/HDD control means buffers another portion of the file to the HDDprior to completion of reading the portion from the HDD.

A combined digital versatile disk (DVD)/hard disk drive (HDD) system fora DVD and a HDD comprises a DVD read channel means reads data from theDVD. A DVD control means controls the DVD read channel means. A HDD readchannel means reads data from the HDD. A HDD control means controls theHDD read channel means. An interface means communicates with the DVDcontrol means and the HDD control means.

In still other features, the DVD control means and the DVD read channelmeans are implemented as a first integrated circuit. The HDD controlmeans and the HDD read channel means are implemented as a secondintegrated circuit. The HDD has a hidden section and a user accessiblesection. DVD content with copy protection is selectively stored in thehidden section of the HDD. Usage data is also written to the hiddenportion of the HDD when the DVD content with copy protection is copiedto the hidden section. The HDD control means makes the DVD content withcopy protection unavailable on the HDD when the usage data indicatesallowable use is over. The usage data specifies a number of allowableuses. The usage data specifies a duration of allowable usage.

Further areas of applicability of the present invention will becomeapparent from the detailed description provided hereinafter. It shouldbe understood that the detailed description and specific examples, whileindicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended forpurposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope ofthe invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present invention will become more fully understood from thedetailed description and the accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a Hard Disk Drive (HDD) systemaccording to the prior art;

FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of a digital versatile disc (DVD)system according to the prior art;

FIG. 3 is a simplified functional block diagram of a combined DVD/HDDsystem according to some implementations of the present invention;

FIG. 4A is a functional block diagram of a combined DVD/HDD system withDVD read/write capability according to other implementations of thepresent invention;

FIG. 4B is a functional block diagram of a combined DVD/HDD system withDVD read only capability according to other implementations of thepresent invention;

FIG. 4C is a functional block diagram of a DVD/HDD system with a commoninterface and with DVD read only capability according to otherimplementations of the present invention;

FIG. 5A is a functional block diagram of a combined DVD/HDD system withDVD read/write capability according to other implementations of thepresent invention;

FIG. 5B is a functional block diagram of a combined DVD/HDD system withDVD read only capability according to other implementations of thepresent invention;

FIG. 5C is a functional block diagram of a DVD/HDD system with a commoninterface and with DVD read write capability according to otherimplementations of the present invention;

FIG. 6 illustrates partitioning of the nonvolatile HDD memory into useraccessible and hidden portions according to some implementations;

FIG. 7A is a flowchart illustrating steps of a method for dynamicallyallocating a write buffer in the HDD to support DVD write operations;

FIG. 7B is a flowchart illustrating the use of the HDD buffer to reducepower consumption of the DVD during write operations;

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a method for dynamicallyallocating a read buffer in the HDD to support DVD read operations;

FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a method for copying DVDsusing the HDD;

FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a method for buffering DVDwrite data to the HDD with write buffer priority;

FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a method for reading asequential access DVD file to the HDD;

FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a method for reading asequential access DVD file to the HDD in portions;

FIGS. 13A and 13B are flowcharts illustrating steps of methods forallowing N playbacks of a copy protected DVD file from the HDD;

FIGS. 14A and 14B are flowcharts illustrating steps of methods forlimiting the amount of time that a copy protected DVD file stored on theHDD can be played; and

FIG. 15 is a functional block diagram of a combined DVD/HDD systemaccording to the present invention installed in a vehicle.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The following description of the preferred embodiment(s) is merelyexemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention,its application, or uses. For purposes of clarity, the same referencenumbers will be used in the drawings to identify similar elements. Asused herein, the term module refers to an application specificintegrated circuit (ASIC), an electronic circuit, a processor (shared,dedicated, or group) and memory that execute one or more software orfirmware programs, a combinational logic circuit, and/or other suitablecomponents that provide the described functionality.

A unified DVD/HDD system controls both DVD and HDD systems. The DVD/HDDsystem reduces overall system cost and provides improved functionalityand performance. Cost is reduced through the use of a single DRAM andflash memory for both the DVD and HDD data storage. A single powersupply and a reduced number of external connections are required, whichfurther reduces cost.

In addition, the unified DVD/HDD system allows copy protected content tobe copied bit-by-bit to directly to the HDD. In other words, the copyprotected content can be copied without decrypting the copy protectionscheme or digital rights management (DRM) and without requiringsignificant operating system involvement. In other words, conventionalseparate DVD and HDD systems require the DVD to decode/decrypt the DRMor other copy protection prior to output. The DRM or other copyprotection may or may not allow subsequent copying to the HDD. Bycombining the systems, the present invention enables additionalfunctionality with the built-in security of the copy protection or DRMscheme since the DRM or copy protection remains intact. For example,single DVD drive copy operations are supported without removal of thecopy protection or DRM. Additionally, the HDD can operate as a virtualDVD changer.

Referring now to FIG. 3, a simplified functional block diagram of anexemplary combined DVD/HDD system 200 according to some implementationsof the present invention is shown. The combined DVD/HDD system 200includes a combined system control module 204 that communicates withnonvolatile memory 210 and volatile memory 212, which stored data forboth DVD and HDD operation. The system control module 204 communicatesvia an interface 214 with an interface 216 of a host 218. In someimplementations, the interfaces 214 and 216 are serial ATA interfaces,Fiber Channels (FC), serial attached small computer system interfaces(SAS), or other suitable interfaces.

In some implementations, the combined DVD/HDD system can be connected toa distributed communications system (DCS) 220, a server 221 and a remotecontent provider 222. For example, a network device 222 is connected tothe interface 214 and to a cable modem 226 to a cable provider 228,which provides a broadband connection to the DCS 220. When apredetermined number of uses or predetermined usage period expires, theuser can connect to the content provider 222 and obtain permission foradditional usage. While a cable modem and cable connection are shown,wireless connections, wireless stations, access points, routers, DSLmodems, DSL providers, telephone modems and cords, and/or other suitablenetwork devices may be used to provide access the DCS 220. In someimplementations, the cable service provider 228 can also act as thecontent provider 222. While not shown, skilled artisans will appreciatethat other embodiments shown below may also be connected to a remotecontent provider in a similar manner. By allowing remote refreshing ofthe usage data, a user can rent video or other content from a videorenting store and return the original content to the store. If the userwants to view the content again after the usage period expires thenumber of uses are exceeded, the user does not need to go to the rentingstore, pick up the content, and reload the content. Rather, the userneeds to remotely request additional usage.

Referring now to FIGS. 4A, 4B and 4C, more detailed functional blockdiagrams of exemplary combined DVD/HDD systems 200-1, 200-2 and 200-3,respectively, according to some implementations of the present inventionare shown. In FIG. 4A, the DVD/HDD system 200-1 includes a DVD/HDDcontrol module 230-1 that communicates with the nonvolatile memory 210and the volatile memory 212. A combined processor 234 communicates withthe DVD/HDD control module 230-1 and performs data and controlprocessing.

The DVD/HDD control module 230-1 can be implemented as shown or can beimplemented by separate DVD and HDD control modules. While separateread/write channel modules 34 and 134 are shown, a single read/writechannel module performing HDD and DVD read/write operations can be used.In addition, while separate spindle/VCM and spindle/FM drivers 30 and130, respectively, are shown, an integrated spindle/VCM/FM driver canalso be used.

In the implementation in FIG. 4A, the DVD has DVD read/write capability.In other words, the read/write channel module 134, the laser driver 161,the preamp 160 and the optical read/write device 159 support DVDread/write operation. In FIG. 4B, however, the combined DVD/HDD system200-2 includes a read channel module 235, the laser driver 161, thepreamp 160 and an optical read (OR) device 236 that supports DVD readonly operation.

In FIG. 4C, the HDD and DVD systems are implemented as separateintegrated circuits 250 and 252 that communicate with the interface 216of the host 218 via a common interface 254. While FIG. 4C shows a DVDread-only only implementation, a DVD read-write implementation with aread/write channel module 134 and ORW 159 is also contemplated.

The implementation in FIG. 4C has a common interface 254 and the HDD 50has a hidden section and a user accessible section. In someimplementations, DVD content with copy protection is stored in thehidden section of the HDD. In some implementation, use data such as anexpiration date and/or time, number of allowed uses, etc. are alsostored in the hidden portion and/or in memory associated with theDVD/HDD and/or HDD control module. When the use data indicates thatallowed usage is over, the DVD content on the HDD is automaticallydeleted.

Referring now to FIGS. 5A, 5B and 5C, functional block diagrams ofexemplary combined DVD/HDD systems 200-4, 200-5 and 200-6, respectively,according to other implementations of the present invention are shown.In the implementation shown in FIG. 5A, a signal processor 260 performsMPEG or other similar compression coding and decoding, audio signalprocessing video signal processing and provides an interface to atelevision 264. The interface may also perform encoding and/orformatting such as for National Television System Committee (NTSC),Phase Alternating Line (PAL), SCART, and/or other formats.

In the implementation in FIG. 5A, the DVD supports DVD read/writeoperation. In the implementation in FIG. 5B, however, the DVD supportsread only operation. In FIG. 5C, the HDD and DVD systems are implementedas separate integrated circuits 270 and 272 that communicate with the TV264 via a common interface 274. While FIG. 5C shows a DVD read-writeimplementation, a DVD read-only implementation is also contemplated. Theimplementation in FIG. 5C has a common interface and hidden and useraccessible HDD sections as described above.

Referring now to FIG. 6, partitioning of the nonvolatile memory 300 ofthe HDD into user accessible and hidden areas according to someimplementations is shown. The nonvolatile memory 300 of the HDD isallocated into a first portion 304 that is user accessible and a secondportion 308 that is not user accessible (or hidden). The second hiddenportion 308 is used in one or more of the following ways according tosome implementations of the invention.

For example, data relating to write strategies 310 such as CD-RW, CD+RW,DVD-RW, DVD+RW, and other current or future formats for writing to theDVD are stored in the hidden portion 308. In addition, the hiddenportion 308 is used to provide a static or dynamic write buffer 314 forsupporting DVD write operations. The hidden portion is used to provide astatic or dynamic read buffer 316 for supporting DVD read operations.The hidden portion 308 is used to temporarily store the contents of aDVD that is to be copied (including hidden data) without circumventingthe copy protection of the DVD. In addition, the hidden portion 308 ofthe HDD is used to provide a virtual DVD carousel. In other words,multiple DVDs may be copied to the HDD and played back at a later date.Zero, one or more of these features and functions may be incorporatedinto the combo DVD/HDD system.

Referring now to FIG. 7A, a flowchart illustrating steps of a method fordynamically allocating a write buffer in the HDD to support DVDoperations is shown. Control begins with step 350. In step 354, a writebuffer size is set equal to a minimum size. In step 358, a moving windowis started. In step 362, control determines whether the DVD is stalled.If step 362 is true, control sets a stall event (SE) in step 366.

If step 362 is false or after step 366, control continues with step 370and determines whether the number of stall events during the movingwindow is greater than or equal to a maximum threshold. If step 370 istrue, control determines whether the write buffer size is equal to awrite buffer maximum size in step 374. If step 374 is true, controlreturns to step 362. If step 374 is false, control increases the writebuffer size in step 378 and returns to step 362. If step 370 is false,control determines whether the number of stall events during the movingwindow are less than or equal to a minimum number of stall events instep 380. If step 380 is false, control returns to step 362. If step 380is true, control continues with step 384 and determines whether thewrite buffer size is equal to a minimum write buffer size. If step 384is true, control returns to step 362. If step 384 is false, controldecreases the write buffer size in step 388 and returns to step 362.

The DVD data can also be buffered to both the DRAM (as is traditionallydone) and the HDD as a secondary buffer. This is especially importantfor DVD write operations. Any interruption during the DVD writeoperation translates into data loss at the DVD disc. By using the HDD asa secondary buffer, the size of the buffer can be increased beyond thesize of a low cost DRAM buffer. As a result, the DVD write operation canbe performed only when the buffer is filled in the HDD, which willreduce power consumption. The min buffer size can also be adjusteddepending on how often the DVD write operation is stalled, thusoptimizing latency and lowering write errors.

Referring now to FIG. 7B, steps for using the HDD to buffer write datato the DVD are shown. Control begins in step 390. In step 392, controldetermines if there is a DVD write request. If step 392 is false,control returns to step 392. If step 392 is true, control determineswhether the HDD write buffer is full in step 394. If step 394 is false,control returns to step 392. If step 392 is true, control writes data tothe DVD in step 396. As can be appreciated, power consumption is reducedby writing larger blocks of data to the DVD. In other words, the size ofthe write buffer on the HDD is set larger than the SDRAM buffer that istypically used.

Referring now to FIG. 8, a flowchart illustrating steps of a method fordynamically allocating a read buffer in the HDD to support DVDoperations is shown. Control begins with step 400. In step 404, a readbuffer size is set equal to a minimum read buffer size. In step 408, amoving window is started. In step 412, control determines whether theread buffer is greater than a threshold. For example, the threshold canbe set equal to a percentage such as 80%, 90%, etc. of the current readbuffer size and/or the threshold can be set equal to a given number ofbytes that are less than or equal to the current read buffer size.

If step 412 is true, control sets a read buffer full event (RBE) in step416. If step 412 is false or after step 416, control continues with step420 and determines whether the number of read buffer full events duringthe window is greater than or equal to a maximum threshold. If step 420is true, control determines whether the read buffer size is equal to aread buffer maximum size in step 424. If step 424 is true, controlreturns to step 412. If step 424 is false, control increases the readbuffer size in step 428 and returns to step 412. If step 420 is false,control determines whether the number of read buffer full events duringthe window are less than or equal to a minimum number of read bufferfull events in step 430. If step 430 is false, control returns to step412. If step 430 is true, control continues with step 434 and determineswhether the read buffer size is equal to a minimum read buffer size. Ifstep 434 is true, control returns to step 412. If step 434 is false,control decreases the read buffer size in step 438 and returns to step412.

The use of the HDD to buffer read operations (caching DVD readoperation) improves overall system performance. Significant read accessspeed improvements can be attained since the random HDD access time istypically more than an order of magnitude faster than that of DVD. Aswith the allocation of HDD storage area for the DVD cache read and writeoperation, the hidden portion on the HDD can be used for this purpose sothat the user will not accidentally erase the data. The hidden portionon the HDD can optionally have a dynamic size allocation depending onthe size of available free and overall HDD storage capacity.

As can be appreciated by skilled artisans, there are a variety of waysof implementing dynamic read and/or write buffer sizes. Therefore,skilled artisans will appreciate that the exemplary steps shown in FIGS.7A and 8 are illustrative in nature.

Referring now to FIG. 9, a flowchart illustrating steps of a method forcopying DVDs using the HDD is shown. Control begins with step 450. Instep 454, control determines whether a DVD copy has been requested. Ifnot, control returns to step 454. If step 454 is true, control storesdata from the DVD on the HDD including hidden data and/or copyprotection data such as DRM in step 458. In other words, bit-by-bitcopying of the data on the DVD to the HDD occurs. Furthermore, thecopying operation can be performed on a bit-by-bit basis with little orno interaction with the operating system.

In step 462, control determines whether a blank DVD has been inserted.If step 462 is false, control optionally starts a timer in step 466. Instep 470, control determines whether the user has aborted the copyprocedure or the optional timer is up (if used). If step 470 is false,control returns to step 462.

If step 462 is true, control writes data stored on the HDD to the blankDVD including hidden data and/or copy protection data in step 474. Instep 478, control determines whether the user would like to make anotherDVD copy. If step 478 is true, control returns to step 462. If step 478is false, control deletes the DVD data stored on the HDD in step 482 andreturns to step 454. If step 470 is true, control also continues withstep 482.

By unifying the control architecture for DVDs and HDDs, only oneinterface port is needed to interface the combined device to the hostsystem (a PC, home recorder, and/or television for example). This willalso reduce the overall system cost and power consumption. The costreduction is limited to chip and packaging cost reduction, but alsoincludes the cabling and the host chip cost and power saving. Anothercost saving is the use of a single PCBA (printed circuit board assembly)with the associated discrete component cost reductions such as a singlepower supply connector and a single power management control.

The unified architecture takes advantage of the fact that the combinedDVD/HDD system has a high capacity permanent and fixed nonvolatilestorage (the HDD). In this case, the HDD stores critical DVD parameterssuch as various write strategies for different DVD-RW disc media. Thiswill further reduce the cost of the overall subsystem since a largecapacity flash memory is conventionally used to store the large numberof disc media formats that need to be supported.

As the number of suppliers of DVD disc media and DVD disc formatsincreases over the next several years, this cost saving will increasefurther. To prevent accidental erasure of this critical DVD data that isstored in the HDD (instead of a flash memory), the dedicated DVD data inthe HDD is preferably hidden from the HDD users. This means that as faras the HDD user is concerned, the critical DVD data does not exist inthe HDD.

The combined architecture also improves single DVD drive copy operation.This is done by first copying the DVD data bit-by-bit into the HDD withlittle or no operating system interaction. Because the HDD is under thesame control as the DVD device, all of the information can be copied(including hidden and/or copy protection data of the DVD disc such asDRM) onto the HDD without worrying that the information and the datawill be copied illegally once it is moved to the HDD. The copyprotection and/or DRM are still intact.

Security is provided by locating the HDD area for the temporary copy ofthe DVD data in the hidden portion of the HDD. The temporary copy canthen be written back onto the DVD drive once a new blank DVD disc isinserted. If multiple DVDs are copied to the HDD, the HDD can also beused as virtual DVD changer. The DVD data stored in the HDD is treatedas virtual DVD's. When reading the DVD data from the HDD, normal DVDoperations such as DVD copy protection can be performed.

By locating code and/or media formats in the DVD instead of flash, thecode and/or media formats can be easily updated. In someimplementations, the code and/or media are updated remotely, for exampleover a distributed communications system such as an intranet, theInternet and/or any other WAN or LAN via a host device such as acomputer. In contrast, when the code and/or media formats in the flashmemory need to be updated, the flash memory must be re-burned, which isinconvenient.

Referring now to FIG. 10, steps of a method for buffering DVD write datato the HDD with write buffer priority are shown. Normally, a smallbuffer is used, which may slow the DVD write operation and/or causeoverflow when the buffer is exceeded. According to some implementationsof the invention, the data to be written to the DVD is buffered to theHDD, which prevents overflow. Control begins with step 500. In step 502,control determines whether the HDD is buffering DVD write data. If step502 is false, control returns to step 502. If step 502 is true, controldetermines whether there is an HDD write request from another datasource other than for the DVD write buffer process. If step 504 is true,control resolves HDD write contention in favor of completing the DVDwrite buffer process in step 506 and then control returns to step 502.The other HDD write process associated with the other HDD write data canbe completed after the DVD write buffer process is finished. This methodallows the DVD write buffer process to complete without loss of DVDwrite data.

Referring now to FIG. 11, steps of a method for reading a sequentialaccess DVD file to the HDD are shown. In other words, the HDD is used asa read buffer for sequential access DVD files. Control begins with step520. In step 524, control determines whether a read operation of asequential access DVD file is occurring. If step 524 is false, controlreturns to step 524. If step 524 is true, control continues with step526 and buffers the DVD file to the HDD. Control continues with step 528and turns off or slows down rotation of the DVD after buffering the DVDsequential access file to the HDD. Control continues with step 530 andoutputs the buffered file from the HDD to the host. The data output fromthe HDD can also occur as soon as a sufficient amount of data has beenbuffered to the HDD instead of waiting for the file to be buffered.

Referring now to FIG. 12, steps of a method for reading a sequentialaccess DVD file to the HDD in fixed or variable-sized portions areshown. Control begins with step 550. In step 554, control determineswhether it is reading a sequential access DVD file. If step 554 isfalse, control returns to step 554. If step 554 is true, controlcontinues with step 558 and buffers a portion of the DVD file to theHDD. Readback from the HDD can occur at this time. In step 560, the HDDbegins outputting the buffered file to the host. In step 564, controldetermines whether buffering of the portion on the HDD is complete. Ifthe step 564 is false, control returns to step 564. If step 564 is true,control turns off or slows down rotation of the DVD. In step 570,control determines whether additional buffered data is needed.Additional data will be needed when the data from the stored portion hasbeen read back Additional buffered data is preferably moved to the HDDbefore the prior portion is exhausted to prevent delay. Thisdetermination can be made based upon the read or unread data size as apercentage of the buffered portion stored on HDD, associated read/writedelay times and/or other factors.

If additional buffered data is needed as determined in step 570, controldetermines whether there are additional portions in the sequential DVDfile in step 574. If step 574 is false, control returns to step 554. Ifstep 574 is true, control buffers another portion of the DVD file to theHDD in step 576 and control continues with step 564.

Referring now to FIG. 13A, steps of a method for allowing playback of acopy protected file from the HDD N times are shown. Control begins withstep 600. In step 602, control determines whether copy protected DVDfiles have been stored on the HDD. If not, control returns to step 602.It step 602 is true, control sets N=1 for the DVD file in step 604. Instep 606, control determines whether the copy protected file stored onHDD has been played from the HDD. If step 606 is false, control returnsto step 606. If step 606 is true, control increments N in step 610. Instep 614, control determines whether N=N_(max).

If step 614 is false, control returns to step 606. If step 614 is true,control determines whether the user desires additional usage of thecontent in step 620. If step 620 is true, control sends a messagerequesting the original DVD containing the content to be inserted in theDVD player in step 622. In step 624, control starts a timer. In step626, control determines whether the DVD containing the content has beeninserted in the DVD player. If not, control determines whether the timeris up in step 628. If step 628 is false, control returns to step 626. Ifstep 626 is true, control optionally sets N_(max) to a new value K(which may be different than or the same as the prior number of uses) instep 629 and returns to step 604. If step 620 is false or step 628 istrue, control makes the content unavailable and/or deletes the copyprotected file from the HDD in step 630 and control returns to step 602.

By allowing refreshing of the usage data after the allowed number ofplays are used, a user can avoid the time required to reload the HDDwith the DVD content. In other words, if the user wants to view thecontent again after the allowed number of plays are used, the user doesnot need to reload the content onto the HDD. Rather, the user only needsto insert the original DVD content to verify the user's right to thecontent. As a result, the user saves time.

Referring now to FIG. 13B, when the number of uses have been exhausted,the combined DVD/HDD can contact a content provider via a network torequest and/or purchase additional uses. Steps 622 and 626 are replacedby steps 634 and 636, respectively. In step 634, the DVD or any othernetwork device such as a computer sends a message to the contentprovider requesting additional usage. The content provider may initiatea dialog with the user if needed. The message can be generated by thecombined DVD/HDD and/or a user can use a laptop or desktop computer orother network capable device to access a web page or other web enabledinterface to request additional usage. In step 636, the DVD determineswhether additional usage permission has been received. In someimplementations, the usage permission is received electronically overthe network connection with or without user interaction. In otherimplementations, the user is given a pass code that can be entered toreceive additional usage.

By allowing remote refreshing of the usage data after the allowed numberof plays are used, a user can rent video or other content from a videorenting store and return the original content to the store. If the userwants to view the content again after the allowed number of plays areused, the user does not need to go to the content renting store, pick upthe content, and reload the content. Rather, the user only needs toremotely request additional usage.

Referring now to FIG. 14A, steps of a method for limiting the amount oftime that a copy protected file stored on the HDD can be played areshown. Control begins with step 640. In step 644, control determineswhether the copy protected DVD file has been stored on the HDD. If step644 is false, control returns to step 644. Otherwise, control continueswith step 646 and sets Timer1. In step 648, control determines whetherthe Timer1=T_(max). If step 648 is false, control returns to step 648.If step 648 is true, control determines whether the user desiresadditional usage of the content in step 650. If step 650 is true,control sends a message requesting the original DVD containing thecontent to be inserted in the DVD player in step 652. In step 654,control starts Timer2. In step 656, control determines whether the DVDcontaining the content has been inserted in the DVD player. If not,control determines whether Timer2 is up in step 658. If step 658 isfalse, control returns to step 656. If step 656 is true, controloptionally sets T_(max) to a new value in step 659 and returns to step646. If step 650 is false or step 658 is true, control makes the contentunavailable and/or deletes the copy protected file from the HDD in step660 and control returns to step 644. While a timer is described, anyusage measurement and/or comparison may be performed. For example, adate, period of time and/or time stamp may be used and compared tocurrent data and/or time. Still other usage methods will be apparent toskilled artisans.

By allowing refreshing of the usage data after the allowed periodexpires, a user can avoid the time required to reload the HDD with theDVD content. In other words, if the user wants to view the content againafter the usage period expires, the user does not need to reload thecontent onto the HDD. Rather, the user only needs to insert the originalDVD content to verify the user's right to the content. As a result, theuser saves time.

Referring now to FIG. 14B, when the usage period has been exhausted, thecombined DVD/HDD can contact a content provider via a network to requestand/or purchase additional usage time. Steps 652 and 656 are replaced bysteps 664 and 666, respectively. In step 654, the DVD or any othernetwork device such as a computer sends a message to the contentprovider requesting additional usage time. The content provider mayinitiate a dialog with the user if needed. The message can be generatedby the combined DVD/HDD and/or a user can use a laptop or desktopcomputer or other network capable device to access a web page or otherweb enabled interface to request additional usage time. In step 666, thecombined DVD/HDD determines whether additional usage permission has beenreceived. In some implementations, the usage permission is receivedelectronically over the network connection with or without userinteraction. In other implementations, the user is given a pass codethat can be entered to receive additional usage time.

By allowing remote refreshing of the usage data after the usage periodexpires, a user can rent video or other content from a video rentingstore and return the original content to the store. If the user wants toview the content again after the usage period expires, the user does notneed to go to the content renting store, pick up the content, and reloadthe content. Rather, the user needs to remotely request additionalusage.

Referring now to FIG. 15, any of the combined DVD/HDD systems accordingto the present invention can be installed in a vehicle 700. For example,the combined DVD/HDD system 200 of FIG. 3 is shown. A plurality of DVDscan be loaded and used, for example, on trips without requiring the DVDsto be stored in the vehicle. Furthermore, a wireless network can be usedto connect the vehicle to a content provider to allow additional usageas described above and/or other validation techniques in FIGS. 13-14Bcan be used.

Those skilled in the art can now appreciate from the foregoingdescription that the broad teachings of the present invention can beimplemented in a variety of forms. Therefore, while this invention hasbeen described in connection with particular examples thereof, the truescope of the invention should not be so limited since othermodifications will become apparent to the skilled practitioner upon astudy of the drawings, the specification and the following claims.

1. An integrated circuit for a combined digital versatile disc(DVD)/hard disk drive (HDD) system that controls a HDD assembly and aDVD assembly, comprising: a HDD read/write channel module thatcommunicates with the HDD assembly and that processes read data from andwrite data to the HDD assembly; a DVD read channel module thatcommunicates with the DVD assembly and that processes read data from theDVD assembly; and a DVD/HDD control module that controls operation ofthe HDD assembly and the DVD assembly and that buffers said read datafrom the DVD assembly to a hidden portion of nonvolatile memory of theHDD assembly during a read operation.
 2. A system comprising theintegrated circuit of claim 1 and further comprising said HDD assemblyand said DVD assembly.
 3. The integrated circuit of claim 1 furthercomprising volatile memory that communicates with said DVD/HDD controlmodule and that stores volatile data relating to the operation of theDVD assembly and the HDD assembly.
 4. The integrated circuit of claim 1further comprising first nonvolatile memory that communicates with saidDVD/HDD control module and that stores nonvolatile data relating to theoperation of the DVD assembly and the HDD assembly.
 5. The integratedcircuit of claim 1 further comprising a video decompression module thatcommunicates with said DVD/HDD control module and that decompressesvideo data stored on at least one of the DVD assembly and/or the HDDassembly.
 6. The integrated circuit of claim 1 further comprising avideo compression module that communicates with said DVD/HDD controlmodule and that compresses video data for storage on at least one of theDVD assembly and/or the HDD assembly.
 7. The integrated circuit of claim1 further comprising: a spindle driver that communicates with saidDVD/HDD control module and that controls a spindle motor of the DVDassembly; and a first driver that communicates with said DVD/HDD controlmodule and that adjusts a location of one of an optical read/writedevice or an optical read only device of the DVD assembly.
 8. Theintegrated circuit of claim 1 further comprising: a spindle driver thatcommunicates with said DVD/HDD control module and that controls aspindle motor of the HDD assembly; and a second driver that communicateswith said DVD/HDD control module and that controls a read/write arm ofthe HDD assembly.
 9. The integrated circuit of claim 1 wherein saidDVD/HDD control module dynamically adjusts a size of said read databuffer in said nonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly based onoperations of said DVD assembly.
 10. The integrated circuit of claim 9wherein said operations of said DVD assembly include stall events ofsaid DVD assembly.
 11. The integrated circuit of claim 1 wherein saidDVD/HDD control module buffers write data to nonvolatile memory of theHDD assembly during write operations.
 12. The integrated circuit ofclaim 11 wherein said write data buffer is located in said hiddenportion of said nonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly.
 13. Theintegrated circuit of claim 11 wherein said DVD/HDD control moduledynamically adjusts a size of said write data buffer in said nonvolatilememory of the HDD assembly.
 14. The integrated circuit of claim 11wherein when said DVD/HDD control module receives a HDD write requestwhile buffering DVD write data to said HDD, said DVD/HDD control moduleassigns a higher priority to said DVD write data buffering.
 15. Theintegrated circuit of claim 1 wherein said DVD/HDD control module storesdata including copy protection data from a DVD medium in nonvolatilememory of the HDD assembly.
 16. The integrated circuit of claim 1wherein said DVD/HDD control module stores data including copyprotection data from a plurality of DVD media in nonvolatile memory ofthe HDD assembly.
 17. The integrated circuit of claim 1 wherein saidDVD/HDD control module stores DVD write format data in nonvolatilememory of the HDD assembly.
 18. The integrated circuit of claim 1wherein when a file is read from said DVD, said DVD/HDD control modulebuffers said file to said HDD.
 19. The integrated circuit of claim 18wherein said file is a sequential access file.
 20. The integratedcircuit of claim 18 wherein said DVD/HDD control module reduces power tosaid DVD after buffering said file to said HDD.
 21. The integratedcircuit of claim 1 wherein when a file is read from said DVD, saidDVD/HDD control module buffers a portion of said file to said HDD. 22.The integrated circuit of claim 21 wherein said file is a sequentialaccess file.
 23. The integrated circuit of claim 21 wherein said DVD/HDDcontrol module reduces power to said DVD after buffering said portion ofsaid file to said HDD and wherein said DVD/HDD control module buffersanother portion of said file to Said HDD prior to completion of readingsaid portion from said HDD.
 24. The integrated circuit of claim 1wherein said DVD read channel module also processes write data to theDVD assembly.
 25. A method for providing a combined digital versatiledisc (DVD)/hard disk drive (HDD) system that controls a HDD assembly anda DVD assembly, comprising: integrating an HDD read/write channel moduleand a DVD read/write channel module in an integrated circuit; processingread data from and write data to the HDD assembly using the HDDread/write channel module; processing read data from the DVD assemblyusing the DVD read channel module; and buffering said read data from theDVD assembly to a hidden portion of nonvolatile memory of the HDDassembly during a read operation.
 26. The method of claim 25 furthercomprising controlling operation of the HDD assembly and the DVDassembly using a DVD/HDD control module.
 27. The method of claim 26further comprising storing volatile data relating to the operation ofthe DVD assembly and the HDD assembly in volatile memory.
 28. The methodof claim 27 further comprising buffering a portion of a file to said HDDwhen said file is read from said DVD.
 29. The method of claim 28 whereinsaid file is a sequential access file.
 30. The method of claim 28further comprising: reducing power to said DVD after buffering saidportion of said file to said HDD; and buffering another portion of saidfile to said HDD prior to completion of reading said portion from saidHDD.
 31. The method of claim 26 further comprising storing nonvolatiledata relating to the operation of the DVD assembly and the HDD assemblyin first nonvolatile memory.
 32. The method of claim 26 furthercomprising decompressing video data stored on at least one of the DVDassembly and/or the HDD assembly.
 33. The method of claim 26 furthercomprising compressing video data for storage on at least one of the DVDassembly and/or the HDD assembly.
 34. The method of claim 25 furthercomprising dynamically adjusting a size of said read data buffer in saidnonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly.
 35. The method of claim 26further comprising buffering write data to nonvolatile memory of the HDDassembly during write operations.
 36. The method of claim 35 furthercomprising locating said write data buffer in said hidden portion ofsaid nonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly.
 37. The method of claim 35further comprising dynamically adjusting a size of said write databuffer in said nonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly.
 38. The method ofclaim 35 further comprising assigning a higher priority to DVD writedata buffering when said DVD/HDD control module receives a HDD writerequest while buffering DVD write data to said HDD.
 39. The method ofclaim 26 further comprising storing data including copy protection datafrom a DVD medium in nonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly.
 40. Themethod of claim 26 further comprising storing data including copyprotection data from a plurality of DVD media in nonvolatile memory ofthe HDD assembly.
 41. The method of claim 26 further comprising storingDVD write format data in nonvolatile memory of the HDD assembly.
 42. Themethod of claim 26 further comprising buffering a file to said HDD whensaid file is read from said DVD.
 43. The method of claim 42 wherein saidfile is a sequential access file.
 44. The method of claim 42 furthercomprising reducing power to said DVD after buffering said file to saidHDD.